PROJ6018 Project, Portfolio and Program management Assignment Sample

Background:

Ecological Solutions Pty Ltd (ES) commenced business in 2006 as the initiative of brothers Simon and John Benard. ES delivers an environment friendly wastewater management system, treating sewage effluent to advanced secondary levels certified by the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF). The advantage of ES systems is that, in purifying domestic or indeed community waste water, it has no mechanical parts involved, no electricity needed for gravity fed systems and no chemicals added, the system is midrange cost, however with no or little maintenance once installed. ES is currently servicing domestic, communal and commercial systems to clients across the Australian and Asia-Pacific region. Globally, (wastewater management) governing bodies, installers and consumers alike, are realising the benefits of ES, as a great solution to an industry-wide challenge, meaning that the prospects for global expansion for the company are immense and eminent. Rather than limit the company with a small minded approach, ES wants to take the opportunity to expand into these new and challenging markets, which will require consolidation and reconstitution of the current operations in a way that will appease differing international regularity bodies and markets, and allow an adaptive structure that incorporates the complexities of the expansion. Simply put, ES is involved in a growing and expanding process that will take on new markets, countries and opportunities.

The ES system components are manufactured in China where ES has entered a joint venture with a Chinese manufacturing organization. After production, the system components are then transported to its warehouses in the Australasian and pacific countries that ES currently operates in, ready for distribution and installation for local clients.

The Opportunity

Wastewater management in the African nations is a regional problem, magnified by cost factors of installation, ongoing maintenance and complexity of current systems on the market. With the ability to supply a simplistic and cost-effective wastewater management technique, ES can take advantage of this extensive market opportunity through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in these countries. Although headquarters is in Melbourne Australia, each Asian Pacific country also has its own sales, administration and installation offices and teams. ES operations currently have a financial turnover of 25 million dollars per annum with 230 full time staff members.

The Objectives:

Objective 1 – Organisational Structure

Currently ES operating structure includes departments for each function and administrative branch of the organisation. The project managers are given responsibility to run their projects according to their own experience (being the PM experts) under the direction of the departments involved, and upper management. In order to expand into these new markets ES will need to restructure their internal organisational operations including ensuring that the current Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and technological systems have the capacity to implement such expansion on a major scale while at the same time being able to organise the myriad of projects it knows will result from this international expansion. This will require specific human skillsets from across many of the locations in which they currently operate. Additionally, the initial restructuring project will require the assessment and update of the current organisational framework, policies, procedures, and processes. For example, the accounting, invoicing and administrations of the new organizational structure has to accommodate the expanded need to monitor and cater for exchange rates, bills of shipping, importing and exporting documentation across the new FDI nations.

Current Project Management

Currently all projects need to be governed and operated by ES, in terms of specific engineer requirements for soil types, excavation pit sizes and materials used, while also following strict installation guidelines for the product itself, these must be governed meticulously, meaning ES will be required to run multiple projects in each international market that it infiltrates. At times projects overlap in resource use and at other times are short on resources, which can cause delays and capacity problems. However, currently these issues are seen as the responsibility of the Project Managers and overseen by the managers of various departments (which often frustrates the PMs due to their misconceived renditions of project management principles). Considering this perception and attitude, the Project Managers are concerned at how the departmental management will respond to the upcoming changes, let alone the general staff in the organisation. Management is a little concerned about the magnitude of the expansion in terms of keeping track of the influx of project across the globe, it is difficult enough presently to determine if efficiency is maximised in every project.

Objective 2 – Supply Chain - Sustainability

Furthermore, new supply chains systems will need to be investigated and procured, including the processes of procuring, such as, tendering, negotiating and implementing contracts with transportation companies. In line with ES mandate for environmental operations management wants to ensure that the current, and future, manufacturing and shipping processes are consistent with their objective of corporate, social and environmental responsibility. The company’s goal is to persuade stakeholders, partners, and critics that its growth strategy includes plans for long-term sustainability. The team knows that delivering social responsibility and focusing on sustainability will deliver shareholder and strategic benefits. Although the ES system itself is considered very environmentally friendly, there is concern with regard to the actual manufacturing, the ES team is looking closely at environmental factors, such as pollutants, manufacturing materials, and safety, as well as energy usage. Therefore, ES leadership team is interested in learning about alternative materials, with an eye on both the environment and the safety of employees using those products in the manufacturing process. In addition, shipping the system components around the world will use gas and oil, releasing pollutants into the environment, so management also desires to include environmental consultants on potentially utilising alternative fuels and procedures for transportation and shipping processes.

Objective 3 - Legalities

From a legal perspective there are several factors that must be researched for compliance with the target nations legal systems, policies and regulations. For example, each countries laws on foreign direct investment (FDI), importing and operations is different and must be comprehended. Furthermore, the wastewater management industry is highly regulated, if not by the country itself then by international law. These legal factors must be clearly understood and complied with. Alongside this is the cultural aspects of the target countries, including local labour expectations, management style and health and safety practices.
Over the course of the (estimated 36 month) international project/projects, marketing is a vital component of which ES leadership wants to take advantage of social media networking in its marketing strategy.

Pre-Project Research

The leadership team also examined what other organisations had done in similar projects to avoid loss of revenue during their projects. From the research, the team identified three potential risks that could occur during this project of upgrading the IT systems and processes:

• Loss of business due to inability to process orders in a timely fashion
• Loss of credibility because of a lack of quality in the shipping process
• Loss of sales as competitors took advantage of any down time

While strategizing these changes on an organisation wide scale ES must consider the disruption to employees and ongoing operations. Current projects must run seamlessly to ensure no disruption to clients, and that targets are still met across the business. Consequently, the leadership team wants to monitor employee satisfaction to ensure minimal disruption and maintain employee satisfaction and continuous motivation of the upcoming expansion. Employee feedback will from part of this monitoring. It is important to ES portfolio management to focus on a continued level of the efficient delivery of quality products and services. This means ES must consider each of the following elements:

• Any constant and continued improvement to processes of order, billing, and shipping efficiencies.
• Any changes that may occur due to the current multiple projects; and
• New initiatives that may be created by the current multiple projects.

The Project Teams:

The projects that address the above goals require management of the complexity of the various project teams which incorporate multiple backgrounds, experiences, and even time zones. These individuals currently are located in Australia, China, Japan, and Vietnam and will soon expand to many other nations as well as include representatives from the ES Information Technology, Human Resources, Manufacturing, Sales, Marketing, Accounting,Finance, and Legal departments. ES’ external stakeholders include their existing and potential customers, suppliers, and
investors.

Solution

Introduction

This particular study would shed light on the project portfolio management maturity of Ecological Solutions Pty Ltd in detail focusing on necessary PPM needs for the organization in detail. Furthermore, the focus will be given to highlighting necessary tools used in the PPM software, relevant techniques utilized for implementing PPM with assessing the maturity level of the organization for impeding the software. In addition to that, emphasis will be given to enlisting the benefits that PPM will provide to the organization with a manager of change that might be caused due to PPM implementation and a list of challenges that the organization might face while impeding PPM. Furthermore necessary recommendations would be provided for making PPM more successful in the ES organization to function project management activity in the future smoothly.

PPM Needs

In general terms, Project Portfolio Management for assignment help indicates a specific process utilized by project managers as well as project management organizations popularly known as PMOs for analyzing the potential return to undertaking a particular project (Patrício et al. 2021). In this regard, it would be necessary for the Ecological Solutions Pty Ltd organization, especially the project managers, to utilize the necessary needs of PPM software for the successful completion of project management activities for the organization. Below are listed the necessary PPM needs in detail:

Risk management

It is considered to be a vital component of PPM software for the ES organization in the sense that all involved project managers will need to make out the ways through which the project activity would make a considerable impact on the portfolio (Jamshidnejad, 2021).

Financial management

Project activities appear to be notorious for project managers due to a couple of aspects such as taking too much time than planned, and making an analysis of the overall budget activity. In this respect, the project managers of ES organizations can use Dashboards for keeping an eye on the financial status for smooth pollution of project activity (Kostalova & McGRATH, 2021).

Pipeline management

In this case, it would be imperative for the project managements of the organization to maintain an effective balance in the form of generating a strategic number of proposals associated with the project to manage the pipeline or flow of project activity to running smoothly. It ensures that all the necessary aspects will make an eventful contribution to the smooth completion of the project activity (Ojiako et al. 2021).

Figure 1: PPM Needs
(Source: Created by the learner)

Resource management

A sufficient number of people are required for ES to carry on with help project management activities. For this reason, the project management authority of ES would have to manage its resources in an efficacious manner so that they can be able to conduct the necessary tasks and activities of project management in an effective manner.

Change management

It is the last fundamental aspect for project managers of ES organizations that will help in maintaining a smooth flow of organizational communication related to any change activity (Vanhanen, 2021). Since PPM software renders a central repository, therefore, the members of the organization will be able to manage requests rather than endeavoring to keep track of them.

Tools Used in PPM

Effective usage of relevant tools aid project managers to accomplish project activities accordingly. More importantly, it provides a steadfast approach for executing the necessary activities. There are several well-known tools which can be used in PPM such as:

Clarity PPM

It is a cloud-based solution which is easily accessible through SaaS applications. It assists users in transitioning to relevant digital project management for effectively managing enterprise resources, countering market disruptions and understanding customer demands effectively (Wang et al. 2022).

Planisware

Known to be a SaaS-based suite, Planisware conducts management of project portfolios and necessary programs. It does integration of necessary resources, budgets, schedules and many others.

Planview

It is a well-known resource management solution that aids businesses in optimizing project portfolios, managing capacity, related to market demands and combining plans as well as resources for achieving proper execution of project activities (Villamil & Hallstedt, 2021).

Figure 2: PPM Tools
(Source: Created by the learner)

Asana

It is a cloud-based tool which is utilized for handling multiple projects at one time. This tool renders an effective scope for generating task management solutions based on which the project managers can provide a high-level overview related to their progress activities.

Clarizen

This tool helps in workflow automation for generating an enhanced collaborative approach for the smooth completion of project activities. It earners automation in recurring tasks resulting in reducing the lament of risks associated with the project.

Techniques used to implement PPM

The project management authority of Ecological Solutions Pty Ltd will have to follow five distinguished steps in the form of techniques for prolific implantation of PPM:

Defining approach of project portfolio management

Effective determination of the goals of the business organization, the establishment of a suitable framework, with analysis of the willingness of organizational members will be important for the ES organization to define a specific approach for project portfolio management (Bai et al. 2022).
Securing executive support for the portfolio plan

It has been observed that at present the operating structure of ES involves specific departments which look after necessary functions of the organization. It is the project managers on whom the entire responsibility is provided in running their project according to their skills and expertise (Kock & Gemünden, 2021).
Securing support from the team members for the project portfolio plan

Relevant support from team members also is vital for the ES organization to generate clear strategic goals and objectives associated with the project management activity. It helps in meeting new standards for the successful implementation of PPM within the organization.

Gathering portfolio data

The act of creating a list of present and potential projects of Ecological Solutions Pty Ltd is also necessary for generating relevant data on project timelines, project milestones, and necessary potential risks so that there should not be any problem in carrying out the activity through PPM software (Fabbro & Tonchia, 2021).

Prioritizing project portfolio

Prioritization of the project is required from the PM experts of the ES organization. In that case, they can select projects having increased ROI (or Return on Investment) or they can go to specific risk-averse methods (Ershadi et al. 2021).

Maturity Level of the organization in its ability to implement PPM

It is necessary for the ES organization to conduct a maturity assessment which makes an evaluation of the organization’s process in determining the ability of the process for continuously contributing to the achievement of organizational objectives. In this regard, the CS organization can follow the following steps to conduct a maturity assessment such as:
Understanding the business

In this aspect, the project managers of ES organization will need to understand the relevance of maturity assessment in its project m agent activities based on which they will be able to conduct regulatory requirements on a regular basis (Von Solms & Langerman, 2022).
Selecting the assessment methodology

In this regard, the organization can choose CMMI, COBIT etc models for identifying the relevant approach to proper implementation of PPM software within the organization.

Setting the scope

It is necessary for the project managers not to hurry too much rather they should wait for having enough time for getting a prominent picture of an end-to-end process with funding out relevant opportunities for mang any development (Aagaard et al. 2021).

Figure 3: Maturity Assessment of ES organization
(Source: Created by the learner)

Conducting stakeholder mapping

Stakeholders of the ES organization will include managers, customers, and senior management authorities who would play a vital role in the prolific implementation of PPM software within the organization. At the same time based on the necessary guidance and advice coming from the stakeholders, Ecological Solutions Pty Ltd can formulate relevant decisions in its project management activities.

Using the chunk approach

It is the last step of maturity assessments of the ES organization where the focus needs to be given to breaking the work into small doable chunks so that they can be performed quite easily by the members of the organization.

Benefits to the organisation of implementing PPM

Considering the current PM approach, Ecological Solutions Pty Ltd (ES) commenced its business in the year 2006. This company is committed to delivering a wastewater management system that is environmentally friendly. This treats the sewage effluent to secondary advanced levels which are certified by the NSF (National Sanitation Foundation). Globally, installers, governing bodies as well as customers have realised the benefits that Ecological Solutions can provide with its services(NSF, 2022). It can provide excellent solutions to industry-wide challenges that can aid in global expansion. This is the reason why Ecological solutions want to grab the opportunity to expand its business instead of opting for a small-minded approach. Moreover, from the case study, it could be found that ES has several opportunities as it can grab the opportunity from the extensive market via FDI (foreign direct investment)(Stretton, 2022). In such a situation, ES is likely to get the following benefits if it opts to implement PPM:

1. Better use of the resources

As could be seen from the case study, each of the projects governed by ES needs adequate resources such as raw materials, engineering works, and so on. Resource dependency is one such factor that can lead to project failure. Demand management and resource planning therefore can be a daunting task(Sarbazhosseini, 2020). However, with PPM, the work becomes more manageable. The portfolio view allows for a more rounded approach. With PPM, ES can consider resource availability from the beginning while it will choose any project and thereby go on reviewing it periodically. This way it can provide better clarity to optimally use its resources across its projects.

2. Focus better on business goals and objectives

From the case study, it could be seen that ES has set its overall objectives to be focusing on organisational structure, enhance supply chain and sustainability and make the legalities stronger. From a legal perspective, there are ample factors that need to be emphasised for compliance with the legal system of the targeted nations. For instance, each country has different FDI, operations, and importing(Müller et al., 2019).

3. Enhance communication and alignment among the business leaders and different department

With PPM, ES can enhance internal communication while looking at the portfolio of the projects and thereby strike a balance while selecting, prioritising as well as sustaining the projects. By talking about the projects and portfolios, ES can improve overall communication within its corporate management by breaking the existing barriers among the sub-portfolios(Volk & Zerfass, 2018).

Managing the change that PPM creates

With PPM, many changes could be brought in the way each project is being handled and implemented. However, ES needs to manage those changes that PPM would create. The way it could do so are as follows:

1. Establish governance: ES can establish a governance model that can help it to maintain its PPM solution, such as any changes. The governance strategy will not only help in maintaining the PPM solution; however, it also will show the user that it is not always necessary to emphasise all aspects of implementation(Lock, 2018). It will guide ES to accept more changes.

2. Opt for a change management approach: PPM tools that could be used in the projects of ES include Clarity PPM, Asana, Planview, Clarizen, and so on and there are certain approaches that could be adopted to implement the tool(Volk & Zerfass, 2018).

ES could make sure that there is a senior and active sponsor who can master implementing the tool as a part of the change management tool.

• ES require to create a need to change for all the stakeholders of PPM.

• ES must explain the process of the business and projects to all the stakeholders and make them understand the benefits of using the new tools(Martinsuo&Hoverfält, 2018).

Challenges faced in implementing PPM

Among the common widespread business problems that ES may face while implementing project portfolio management, there can be productivity gaps, because ES has engineers, however, lacks managers and a workforce which can lead to insufficient automation of tasks(Saeed et al., 2021). As per the case study of ES, the following are the main challenges that ES might face while implementing PPM:

1. Internal culture and politics: ES is likely to face the barrier of internal culture and politics. PPM has a nature that demands change within any business and change will bring resistance.

2. Project management maturity: At ES, the project management maturity of the business is likely to play a key role. ES thereby needs to have a mature organisation's project management capability so that it can adapt to PPMreadily.

3. Management commitment: At ES, the top management committee may act as a hindrance to the value and purpose of the PMO.

Recommendations on how to make PPM more successful

Based on the above discussion, recommendations can be made to make PPM more successful for ES.

1. To ensure that ES is selecting the right projects for organisational investments, it is recommended to make use of benefit measurement methods. This would be an effective project selection technique for ES which is primarily based upon the estimated cash inflow and outflow as well as present value.

2. It is recommended to adopt GSCM (green supply chain management) to improve the maturity level of ES. Here, ES is recommended to adopt CMM (capability maturity model) because it can help in continuous process improvement. CMM moreover will provide frameworks that can help to organise maturity levels that can grab evolutionary steps and lay successive foundations for ES to maintain continuous process improvement.

3. ES uses a project portfolio management process to evaluate the project portfolio which aids in better decision making. To improve the current state, it is recommended to use portfolio management that can monetise the current as well as digital assets of Ecological Solutions.

4. To improve management and realisation of the ongoing and sustained benefits,it is recommended to roll out the PPM in order to improve management and grab more sustained benefits. ES can create a roll-out program by working with the manatees. It is recommended to focus on one department at a time and expand to other departments later (Chofreh et al., 2021).

5. ES is recommendedto consider certain basic factors while PPM and planning such as cost, duration of implementation,measuring the functions, and opt for solutions that are backed by SaaS. For ES, it is recommended that the PMO must be placed with alignment with the CFO, specifically since the IT will report to the CFO.

6. Based on the scope and scale of the project, ES needs to consider opting for a change management plan orapproach that can guide it to overcome the above-discussed resistance or obstacles. Moreover, it is recommended to set expectations that are realistic with the end users and emphasise communication regularly so that ES can address unexpected problems as fast as possible and address stakeholder acceptance regarding the changes.

7. PMO can improve the current maturity level by helping in developing a roadmap. Regarding the change management approach, ES is recommended to opt for active portfolio management for its waste management business.

Figure 4: Roadmap for implementing the PMO
(Source: Developed by the author)

8. To increase the success of this portfolio or program management,it is recommended to emphasise continuous lifecycle, for example, focusing on operational efficiency. Moreover, it is important to stay connected with stakeholders at all levels that can help ES to avoid disconnection between operations and strategy during the change within the organisation and overcome the challenges that have been identified in this study such as internal politics, management commitment and so on.

Conclusion

The report has discussed the PPM needs for Ecological Solutions that deliver wastewater management systems including treating sewage which plays an important role in today's world where sustainability is given importance. The report has thereby discussed the tools and techniques that ES can use to implement PPM. Thereafter, the maturity level of Ecological Solutions has been assessed along with defining its ability in implementing PPM. As it could be known from the study, PPM has several benefits to ES and the study has thereby discussed how ES can manage the changes brought about by PPM. Thereafter, the challenges that may come forth while implementing PPM were discussed. Based on the study, recommendations have been made which can help to make PPM more successful.
 

References

MBA641 Strategic Project Management Assignment Sample

Assessment Description

The purpose of this assessment for assignment help is to foster students’ ability to evaluate and determine project viability, including the analysis required in the selection process. This will also form a part of students’ ability to create project portfolios that meet an organisation’s strategic goals and requirements and analyse project lifecycles and the processes involved in project development. Students will also demonstrate the criteria required to evaluate the success of projects based on an organisation’s goals, strategy and standards and analyse the project lifecycle and the process involved in project development.

Assessment Instructions

Presume that you are advancing for the STH BNK by Beulah project and that you have now been asked to prepare a detailed risk analysis and stakeholder management plan before commencing the project. Complete a comprehensive risk assessment of your project proposal and statement of work (SOW), linked directly to the case study. In addition, complete a stakeholder management plan, in which you will propose ways to manage the relationships between the stakeholder groups identified in the case study and the proposals you have put forward in the first and second assessments. Your analysis needs to be directly linked to the case study and related to all the elements you addressed in the Project Strategy Framework and Statement of Work (SOW).

Your risk analysis should be approximately 800 words. In it, you must include the concepts studied in weeks 4 and 5, accompanied by at least one or more of the risk assessment techniques used, such as risk assessment grid or project risk picture. You must identify potential risks in addition to your research on the project and its site by stating a clear outline of how these will be managed.

Your stakeholder management plan should be approximately 1200 words. In it, you must follow an appropriate, professional presentation style addressing the client who has commissioned the project and should include the identification of the various stakeholders, their interest and influence over the project, and a clear outline of the engagement strategy for each stakeholder group. Please don’t forget

Assessment Information

COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Copyright Regulations 1969

This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of Kaplan Business School pursuant to Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (‘Act’). The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further reproduction or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Kaplan Business School is a part of Kaplan Inc., a leading global provider of educational services. Kaplan Business School Pty Ltd ABN 86 098 181 947 is a registered higher education provider CRICOS Provider Code 02426B. to outline the appropriate objectives and measures for the various stakeholders, using the relevant frameworks, concepts and diagrammatic tables, as necessary, to explain your reasoning clearly and concisely.

In addition to the case study, you are required to use at least 15 sources of information and use the Kaplan Harvard Referencing Style. These may include government publications, industry reports, and journal articles. These sources must be presented in the form of in-text citations and a reference list at the end of your submission. Wikipedia and other ‘popular’ sites are not to be used.

Solution

Introduction

PRJ5002 Enterprise and Resource Planning Assignment Sample

Assignment Brief

Due date: Week 12
Group/individual: Individual
Word count/ Time provided: 2500words
Weighting: 35%

Implementation of employee suggestion programme: a case study of the Middle East health-care service company

Learning outcomes

After studying this case, the students should be able to: explain the importance of employee engagement; illustrate the role of the participatory management style in an organizational context; discuss why managers may use engagement practices to operate effectively in businesses to lead change and innovation; identify the critical success factors, barriers and outcomes of employee involvement in driving high performance; and discuss the dilemma faced by the managers in the emerging economies while driving the momentum of excellence in the long run.

Students need to support their answers with further references to comprehensively address the questions in a critical manner. In addition, summary of recently published articles relevant to project human resource, communications and stakeholder management need to be added to the discussion where appropriate and relevant. Student can find this case study on college portal or on Internet.

Solution

Introduction

The real case study of a leading healthcare organisation located in the Middle East that is enlightened within the respective study is the NOVA. The respective company is created to fulfil the curative needs of the healthcare system of the public in the Middle East. The NOVA is an independent as well as a public joint system. The Employee Suggestion Scheme was introduced by the respective company in the year of 2011 under the name of Minara within the decree of the Federal Government because the major pillar of this organisation and its management is building innovative solutions and applying that within the process, programme and also in the services (Ahmad and Jabeen, 2019). The respective case provides the information that the whole process of transformation about the innovation within the organisation NOVA takes place through the programme of employee engagement to meet all the disruptive challenges (Ahmad and Jabeen 2019). The respective case analysis addresses all the challenges that are faced by the Innovation and Excellence Manager who use the process of Effective Employee Engagement and its related practices through the programme of employee suggestions in a creative way to implement change and bring appropriate innovation within the healthcare sector for best assignment help.

Importance of employee engagement

The requirements or the importance of employee engagement are as follows:

An increase in the engagement of the employees and also boosting productivity is one of the most important results of appropriate employee engagement. On the other hand, as the engagement increases, there is an increase in productivity that also takes place. According to Moletsane, Tefera and Migiro, (2019), employee engagement is one of the best signs of success. Employees when provided with the reward to engage them for bringing the success of the organisation then they feel valued and like to engage themselves within the work. NOVA also benefited due to this and due to this, the bar of the standard of the quality of its services is also increased. The company is renowned for working as the largest integrated network among all the healthcare providers in the Middle East.

Employee engagement is always effective for customer satisfaction

The team members or the employees who like to engage with the work are also passionate to interact with the consumers or the customers. The most dedicated team members always increase their effort to increase sales either through innovation or by meeting the expectations of customers (Zameer et al., 2018). The NOVA aims to provide quality services to its consumers without any compromise that is achieved through employee engagement.

Organisational culture is also impacted through Employee engagement, the positivity of the engaged employees also inspired the other employees to increase their engagement and also to contribute towards the success of the organisation (Soni, 2019). That ultimately impacted the culture of the organisation. As the NOVA is associated with providing health care services, there are high requirements for a proper organisational culture that not only support the employees but also impact the consumers. The positive culture is effective for the organisation NOVA to satisfy the staff, patients, and also of the community.

Illustrate the role of the participatory management style in the organisational context

Participatory management is effective for increasing the engagement of the employee and also to increase productivity. The stakeholder's engagement as well as the employee engagement is also increased through the support of participatory managers and also of their style. There are employees are invited to increase their involvement within the organisation which supports success and growth. The decisions of the employees are equally valued and they are asked to contribute by sharing their knowledge and ideas. Hence, it can be stated that the responsibility of the employees is also increased through the participatory management style (Akpoviroro, Kadiri and Owotutu, 2018). Formation of the self-managed team as well as of the quality team for various work and also to provide customer services and arranging the feedback through the survey are the roles of the participatory management style. In some cases, the employees feel disrespect due to not considering their suggestions, while the respective types of style are effective for treating the suggestions and decisions of the employees with the respect that increase the chances of success of the organisation (Daudigeos et al., 2018). The launching of Afkari within the NOVA is a programme related to Employee Suggestion and helps the company to incubate the ideas of employees, not only does the storage of the ideas takes place there are also the implementation of those processes is followed.

There are four processes that are considered by participatory management and those are sharing information, keeping the employees properly within the status of the company and also in economic success. Training is also part of the process of participatory management style (Teasell et al., 2018). Through the training programme, the employees can achieve the development opportunities though that is involved with the budget. However, the development of the employees ultimately resulted in increased revenue generation. The sales of the organisation have also increased. The success of NOVA and achieving the title of one of the best health care service providers is achieved by the respective organisation.

The success of NOVA can provide the importance of a participatory management style. The respective organisation already partnered with various international organisations to increase its quality of services and its bar. Most of the hospitals of NOVA have more than 3000 beds and also of 70 ambulatory care as well as blood banks and emergency service section (Ahmad and Jabeen, 2019).

With innovative technologies making a change in the health landscape of the world, the Research and Development team is the most important section for any company. This is the sector that can allow the company to pick up any essential market inside the health industry and get remedies that can absolutely change the competitive advantage of the company NOVA. Thus, the managers have to be particular about knowing the strengths of the researchers so that the particular solutions can be brought into the industry that will help the wider crowd. The other section where the managers need to be very particular is the marketing and advertising of the medicines that are being processed by the company. This is because without the proper channelling and market segmentation, the medicines would not reach the right people and that would allow the company to collapse.

Marketing managers should identify the right product USPs and the correct pricing so that the products reach the right market at the right time. The best strategy that marketing managers can use is they can analyse the sales of the same compositions in the market that have originated from other companies. This will allow the company to identify the various opportunities that their compositions can bring to the people who tend to buy similar compositions. Also, the logistics managers can arrange for the delivery of free samples to clinics while they supply supplies to the stores that take supplies from the company. This will also make the marketing of the brand stand out.

The role of the managers is thus to oversee all the different functions of the supply chain and report to the authority if they are going on in the strategic method as decided in the meetings. The better the coordination among the managers of the different sectors, the better the outcome of the company's market share and the competitive advantage of the company NOVA is thus managed. Managers are the key to making the employees work as per the strategies of the company.

Identifying success, barriers and outcomes of the employee for high performance

Success

The success of the companies is primarily aligned with the high performance of the companies as it can assist to increase the quality of the services for the companies. As per the argument of Abera et al. (2019), it is noted that the integration of effective schemes like DIAT and control flow attestation is mainly used for talent management and that workplace collaboration can assist the development. As per the case study, it is noted that the use of Employment enhancement scheme (EES) is mainly used by NOVA which can aid the overall employment enhancement of the companies. Therefore, the use of effective enhancement like the committee initiative and the training process is mainly used for the sake of development. As noted by Laurenza et al. (2018), the success of the companies is mainly aligned with customer integration in the healthcare industry. Therefore, effective employment integration like the initiation of employee motivation and increasing leadership skills can also assist in the overall development of the companies. Therefore, such an attitude can be also used by NOVA to enhance their motivational factors. The case study further reflects on the change in the culture of NOVA which can initiate an increase in focus in the workplace. Therefore, the greater focus may involve the development of workplace collaboration and thereby increase customer integration which can assist to grow brand loyalty and reputation eminently. Therefore, a direct connection between high-performance employees and the success of the companies can be established through the method.

Barriers

The main barriers that are seen in the case of the Healthcare industry are the rise of conflict and imperfect segregation of the workload among the employees. The lack of an HRM initiative can evoke such issues which can primarily address the efficacy of the companies. As opined by Shannon et al. (2019), it is noted that workplace collaboration and the use of imminent HR policies are considered the main factor that can hinder the growth and development of companies. Therefore, the loss of communal harmony is considered the main issue that can deplete the quality of the work and thereby hamper the performance of the employees. As a result, it should be noted that the use of eminent strategies like the integration of Total quality management and amending the HR policies can assist in the overall development of NOVA and initiate its effectiveness. As per the case study, no such possibilities are mentioned in the research which can hamper the overall development of the companies.

Outcomes of employees

The high-performance employees are mainly aligned to produce effective processes like the increase in the learning environment and innovation for the companies. As noted by Edwards-Schachter (2018), the change in the business plan and the organisational development can assist to gain control over the innovation of the companies. Therefore, such an attitude can be developed through the use of employment integration and promoting workplace collaboration eminently. Workplace collaboration is considered the major factor that can dominate the efficacy of companies through innovation. Therefore, the process is considered the major factor that can assist to increase the work motivation and efficiency of high-performance employees significantly.

Discus dilemma faced by managers in emerging economies

The biggest dilemma faced by managers in emerging economies in the medical or pharmaceutical industry is that there is a lack of management hacks for the management of innovation. Innovation management is one of the growing areas of management that needs more research because there are very few laws binding innovation in the medical industry. With the growth of globalisation and digitalisation in the world, there is a huge need of ideas to be patented the moment they are formulated by any of the innovators of the company. This is very important because there are plenty of companies that keep on researching in the same fields and without the timely patenting of the ideas there is a huge chance of the innovations getting sold out to other companies which are detrimental to the growth of the company. Thus, there must be a rule for the managers that they consistently communicate with the team of innovators (Scull et al., 2020) about their ideas and help them get their ideas patented at the right time to prevent the company from venturing into any lawful dilemma with any other company in the same domain.

Another important area for managers in the innovation management department is that the managers should allow the employees to evaluate themselves on a regular periodic basis and not just a monthly basis. With the fast growth of the internet, people worldwide have started giving views on the various innovations that happen globally once they are being surfaced to the crowd. This makes it inevitable that the innovations that the company bring out to the market should be evaluated for technological or medical errors for example if the medicine has too many side effects. This will allow the company to have an idea that if the people would try their product or if their product would be cited by the doctors and the medical representatives.

Feedback generation is the most important part of the entire managerial action (Schroth, 2019). This is because, without generous feedback from the employees, the decisions of the management cannot be performed by the employees. Thus, managing the decisions with the help of the employees is very important to get the right move on the innovation. Managing innovation allows the managers to be involved in the process of innovation as it allows for the employees and the managers to have a generous view of the entire innovation process.

Conclusion

Based on the respective study and also the analysis of the case study, sturdy NOVA is effective for understanding the requirements of employee engagement within the organisation. The employee suggestion programme is highly concentrated on employee engagement. Though there are various strategies adopted by a business organisation to increase its productivity, most of them lack employee engagement. NOVA is an organisation that concentrates on employee engagement and also the employee suggestion scheme to increase the quality of the service. The respective organisation is also able to achieve this and also able to provide employee and customer satisfaction.

References

PPMP20011 Contract and Procurement Management Assignment Sample

Assignment Brief

Objectives

This is an individual assignment. You are assigned the tasks which assess your knowledge gained between weeks 1 to 6 about different facets of contract and procurement management.

Tasks

You need to write a report

Written Assessment (Report)

You need to submit a business report in Word format into Moodle in Week 7. You are to complete the following tasks using the case study provided on Moodle website (Refer Case Study document):

- Critically analyse the case study and propose the most suitable procurement route(s) for the case study (sub-projects). The characteristics of the client, constraints, conditions, and available resources for each sub-project will be given.

- Justify the proposed procurement route for each sub-project and explain why this route is the most suitable to make the project successful

- Propose the most suitable contract type for each sub-project for parties involved to complement the procurement options.

- Discuss the associated risks and the key components which must be covered in the selected contracts.

- Develop a project budget and an expenditure forecast as control mechanisms and link time, cost, and resources to the project framework.

- Your report should include a thorough analysis along with discussion and supporting evidence.

Layout of the Written Report

Written report on the case study should be organised using the following headings and guidelines. (Refer Case Study document)

- Title (Cover) Page with clear details of unit name, student number and name, lecturer & tutor names, submission date etc.

- Introduction

Introduction must clearly define the aims of the report.

- Introduce various sub-projects involved and summarise your recommendations to justify how they ensure value for money for the client.

Procurement Strategy

- Map the factors and characteristics of the case study (project) with the factors to be considered for the best procurement strategy.

Procurement Routes

- Analyse the case study requirements along with constraints, givens, exclusions, assumptions, and limitations.

- Propose the most appropriate route for each sub-project and explain why proposed route is suitable to make the project successful.

- You need to address a group of factors including but not limited to the following: sub-project schedule, cost, quality, etc.

Contract Types

- Propose the most appropriate contract type for each sub-project along with your justification based on the procurement routes you have chosen above.

- You need to address a group of factors including but not limited to the following: sub-project schedule, cost, quality, etc.

Risks associated with the proposed routes and contract types

- Identify, analyse, and assess the risks associated with the proposed contract routes and contract types for both the owner and the contractor.

Budget (for one sub-project)

- Provide a budgetary estimate for any one of the sub-projects by listing main expense heads and list separately your assumptions

Conclusion

- Provide a brief summary of your report
- References (list the references along with their in-text citations)

Project title - Parramatta Light Rail Project (Case Study )

Project duration: 5 Years (2018 - 2023)

Project budget: $2.4 billion

Introduction

The Parramatta Light Rail is one of the NSW Government’s latest major infrastructure projects being delivered to serve a growing Sydney. Light rail will create new communities, connect great places and help both locals and visitors move around and explore what the region has to offer.

The stage 1 rail route will connect Westmead to Carlingford via the Parramatta CBD and Camellia with a two-way track spanning 12 kilometres. The route will link Parramatta’s CBD and train station to the Westmead Health Precinct, Cumberland Hospital Precinct, the Bankwest Stadium, the Camellia Town Centre, the new science, technology and innovation museum Powerhouse Parramatta, the private and social housing redevelopment at Telopea, Rosehill Gardens Racecourse and 3 Western Sydney University campuses.

Transport for NSW is responsible for improving the customer experience of transport services, transport policy and regulation, planning and program administration, procuring transport services, and infrastructure and freight.

Major construction of the light rail track started in 2018, and light rail services expected to begin operations by 2023.

Key Benefits

- Sixteen (16) stops in all from Westmead to Carlingford via Parramatta CBD.

- High-frequency ‘turn-up-and-go’ light rail services seven days a week, departing approximately every 7.5 minutes in peak periods.

- Modern and comfortable air-conditioned vehicles, 45 metres long, driver-operated and integrated with the Opal card network.

- Two (2) new light rail and pedestrian zones along Church and Macquarie Streets in the Parramatta CBD.

- The Parramatta Light Rail will replace the train line between Camellia and Carlingford, which will provide more frequent services and better connections to town centres, including Parramatta and Sydney CBD.

- A new Active Transport Link (shared walking and bike riding path) between Carlingford and Parramatta.

Project Requirements:

- Twelve (12) kilometres of light rail dual track.
- Sixteen (16) light rail stops and associated infrastructure (such as platforms, shelters, and lighting).
- A light rail stabling and maintenance facility at Rosehill Gardens.
- Ancillary infrastructure, including two new substations, power supply, wiring and utilities.
- Changes to existing bus stops.
- Changes to intersections and the configuration of traffic lanes at several locations.
- Acquisition of thirteen (13) light rail vehicle fleet.
- Light rail vehicles will be driven electrically with power being drawn from an overhead electric line.

Sub-Projects

- Sub-Project 1 ($2.0 billion): Construction of light rail track and associated works
- Sub-Project 2 ($0.3 billion): Construction of stabling facility for maintenance
- Sub-Project 3 ($0.1 billion): Acquisition of light rail vehicles fleet

Main Constraints:

- Sub-Project 1: Fixed cost and a firm completion date are the top priorities to minimise the disruptions to the road users and small businesses.
- Sub-Project 2: Fixed cost and quality, as per the requirements, are the top priorities.
- Sub-Project 3: Quality is the top priority for light rail vehicles fleet equipped with state-of- the-art technology and must be delivered by end of 2022.

Solution

Introduction

The report aims to develop appropriate procurement strategy or plan for Parramatta Light Rail project. This is basically a railway construction project that creates 12 kilometers long two-way tract. It connects Westmead and Carlingford. This project can create different benefits to the transportation industry and overall area development. It includes community development, and other business benefits. The local businesses and citizens will also be benefitted through the access of technology Cumberland Hospital Precinct, the Bankwest Stadium, the Camellia Town Centre, the new science, technology and innovation museum Powerhouse Parramatta, etc. In this report, different project development components and features are discussed in terms of effective implementation. The report will evaluate potential project risks, budget and other development and managerial aspects. This will finally lead to appropriate procurement management strategy and implementation for Parramatta Light Rail project.

The whole project is divided into different sub-projects that define the overall structure and process in this case. The sub-projects are, construction of railway, construction of maintenance facility and acquisition of light rail vehicles fleet. In the first phase, $2 billion were invested to prepare the whole railway and associated features that will influence the current community and infrastructure of the local area. It incudes, active transport link, increased patronage, public transport alteration, etc. In that case, it will be beneficial for overall economic growth and infrastructure improvement in local area and surroundings as well. In the next phase of maintenance facility, $0.3 billion will be invested. The area already requires different property removals such as old bus stop. Appropriate maintenance is required to maintain the quality of construction and overall consumer experience. Finally, the third phase with $0.1 billion will be beneficial in terms of area management and resource distribution. In this report, all of these phases or sub-projects are assessed for constructive analysis and preparation of procurement management plan for best assignment help.

Procurement Strategy

The construction project of Parramatta Light Rail project must follow appropriate strategy and planning. The strategic planning first requires appropriate and efficient contractor. The project can be given to a single contractor or it may include different bidders for every sub-project. Both of these strategies have different advantages and disadvantages that become the determining factors. by evaluating all project factors, it can be established that the project requires single contractor.

Justification

More than one contractor will be effective in active and appropriate project execution. In spite of that, giving the Parramatta Light Rail project to a single contractor will be most appropriate as it doesn’t include any specific time frame or urgency. In that case, the phases will be more compatible with each other. That improves the quality and success factor of the project. On the other hand, the overall analysis and project management will also be efficient. The project manager and other stakeholders will be able to manage the construction with active communication and planning with single contractor.

The project also consists fixed costing and resources. In that case, the Parramatta Light Rail project must follow fixed plan of action with management. Moreover, the strategic planning and development frameworks must be fixed as well. Overall, single contractor will be most effective in successful project implementation.

Responsible Person for Coordination

The responsible person to coordinate between the sub-projects will be project manager and senior contractor. The project manager will also be responsible to coordinate with different key stakeholders such as finance manager, resource manager, data management team, database management team, supply management team, etc. On the other hand, the senior contractor in Parramatta Light Rail project, will also be responsible for managing different construction teams, visual models of planning, over and data analysis, risk analysis and other essential project development factors.

Organizational Recommendation

The primary objective of the consultation organisation is to guide and manage different operational and organizational component. In this case of Parramatta Light Rail project, the consultancy organisation can you play a significant role in terms of project management and execution as well. The consultation agency will be able to structure the project management and overall operational management into the project. It includes, appropriate implementation strategy and future project scope management as well.

The agency can also help in overall data analysis or resource management analysis. In that case, the overall database management and research team will start to evaluate different secondary and primary resources that will include previous case studies, personal interviews of the stakeholders, etc. This is the responsibility of the data mining or management team to collect these resources. It is the responsibility of the consultancy organization to evaluate further and to prepare appropriate plan of execution through constructive guidance to the development team.

Procurement Routes

Procurements routs are some specific strategies to implement into the project development phases (Laryea, 2019). It makes the Parramatta Light Rail project, more effective in real-life scenario. In this case, the project is divided int three phases or sub-projects. The primary sub-project of construction of main railway and infrastructure may follow two procurement routs such as, standardizing the development and supply chain. The research and analytical evaluation will be conducted to establish appropriate supply chain and development methodology. In that way, the whole development of Parramatta Light Rail project becomes efficient and effective in nature.

The second phase of building maintenance infrastructure, will follow, predictive analysis as a route of procurement. In that case, the data analysis and development team will evaluate particular consumers’ needs that will help to prepare effective project plan (Mena et al., 2018). On the other hand, the last phase of building vehicle fleet will require, centralization of supply database. In that case, all the supply data evaluation will be implemented into the project. This will be effective in acquiring efficient vehicles fleet into the project with fixed cost and time frame.

Risk Identification

Risk identification into a project leads to appropriate mitigation plan for the project (Dziadosz & Rejment, 2015). In this development project, three specific procurement routs are applied, that can also cause different project constraints and risks.

Table 1: Procurement: Risk Identification
(Source: Developed by Author)

The primary risk while centralizing the whole supply or development chain will be management and resource efficiency. It may require sudden requirements of resources. In that case, the senior project manager and senior contractor need to develop appropriate planning, that can implement this procedure from the beginning.

The second phase of Parramatta Light Rail project development will follow predictive analytical approach that presents the idea of collected secondary resources and market reports. In some case, the data implementation can show complexity as it consists secondary resources only as the project budget and planning include a large range of stakeholders, and project features (Harrison et al., 2019). The project manager needs to develop appropriate research methodology and procedure that can create effective analysis.

The final risk will be cost efficiency. The project already has fixed costing. In that case, the final phase requires strategic evaluation of consumers’ needs in terms of availability and supply. Moreover, it must maintain the quality of service as well. The project manager must distribute the cost with appropriate supply chain. In that way, this risk can be resolved in terms of effective influence into the project.

Contract Types

Contracts are some legal documentations that consist different project agreement and regulations (Shash & Habash, 2020). Both of the contracting parties must maintain these rules and conditions, mentioned into the contract. Appropriate contracts are essential in any business or development project, especially when a huge number of stakeholders and components are associated. In this project, contract types are determined from the requirements and potential impact.

Table 2: Contract Types
(Source: Developed by Author)

Risk Analysis

Particular risks are associated with this overall development. The contracts, mentioned here will also cause potentialities into the project that must be resolved with appropriate strategic approach. This risk analysis of Parramatta Light Rail project, also follows different from work or visual tools that can provide structured overview of the risk and appropriate mitigation plan. It also includes the primary response of the stakeholders and overall project development and management team. In this case of construction management of Parramatta Light Rail project, the potential risks must be evaluated and resolved accordingly. In this phase of the report two types of Potential project risks are evaluated or discussed. Initially different contracts that are associated with the overall project, are critically discussed in terms of risk and appropriate mitigation. On the other hand, particular list in transportation of different project phases will also explain appropriate risk response to the management team.

Contract Risks

In the first case of Railway construction, the fixed price and a resource contract will be applied. In that case, the appropriate methodology and reasonable cost and time distribution will be achieved. In spite of that, this can cause different complication into the project. A huge project like Parramatta Light Rail development can cause different resource requirements while the development into the project. In that case, it is the responsibility of project manager, resource manager and finance manager to evaluate the current scenario and requirements. Overall, the fixed price contract will not allow the stakeholders and business leaders to implement certain requirements with appropriate approach. Even, the approval procedure will be more complex in terms of effectiveness and application.

The second contract of time and material will also be applicable in the second phase where the maintenance preparation will be conducted for the construction site. In that case, the materials and the time frame must be pre-defined and documented before the overall development execution. In spite of that, the second phase requires different other considerations such as ethical consideration, stakeholder analysis, feedback analysis and other project management and development component. Overall, the project execution must follow different visual tools and structured methods of implementation. In that way, the certain requirements and project list will be simplified and resolved accordingly. Though, it is the responsibility of the project manager to conduct the overall risk analysis and to implement them accordingly.

In the final phase, the development will follow unit pricing contract. In that case, the overall development team will consider the unit price of different vehicles before the acquisition procedure. This is also beneficial for the project as the cost and overall time frame is already fixed. In spite of that, this can cause some limitations while choosing the appropriate vehicle fleet. On the other hand, the management procedure of creating the overall supply chain or transport system will also be affected by this contact. In that case, the project manager and other senior organizational stakeholders must evaluate the current requirements and development as pets for further analysis. This will help in planning for the appropriate vehicle seat with effective application in real life scenario.

Risks in Transport

The overall transportation system into the project requires appropriate risk analysis to develop effective mitigation plan. In this section, potential transportation risks of Parramatta Light Rail project, are discussed with appropriate risk response that can be applied through efficient development and management methodology.

Table 3: Risks in Transport
(Source: Developed by Author)

Budget Breakdown

Budget breakdown is a structured framework for process that can evaluate or distribute the whole budget into different project phases. It can also include different operational faces and construction components in this case. The overall case study can show the cost distribution in two different Sab project phases. In spite of that, detailed budget breakdown of Parramatta Light Rail project, will help in better evaluation and maintenance of cost efficiency. On the other hand, the project manager and other essential stakeholders will be able to execute the project phases in an efficient and effective way. This will not affect the budget or overall resource management of the project.

Table 4: Budget Breakdown
(Source: Developed by Author)

Assumptions

- The supply management must include efficient equipment and supplies for the project.

- This overall budget can be increased for different content types and potential risk into the project.

- Efficient system will also be beneficial in overall supply management.

- Appropriate system policies and development policies will be required to execute the development project.

- The system development must go through regular moderation.

- Appropriate technical team must be prepared for further support and maintenance.

- The development may cause inefficient time distribution as the phase will be finalized after the primary phases.

- The development may cause poor team management as it includes different development component.

- The system database must use cloud technology as the database management will be inefficient and cost-inefficient with physical data warehouses.

- The project requires flexible methodology and development execution for appropriate project results.

- The overall project development must implement visual tools and methodologies for better and effective implementation.

Minor Sub-Project Requirements

Project requirements include different project results and objectives that any particular resources or supplies. In this case, the major requirements or operational aspects in the first phase or sub-project is already discussed with budget breakdown. In spite of that, some of the minor requirements for operational supplies must be considered for better implementation and understanding of the overall project process. It includes,

- System devices management and supplies

- Development of appropriate system policies

- Development with environmental consideration

- Waste and power management

- Regular moderation

- Physical and digital Security equipment

The remaining budget of the project will be applied to develop and maintain this secondly or minus a project operational adequate means. This will eventually be beneficial for the project in terms of practical effectiveness and application in real life scenario. It also requires active communication and appropriate to check the management to achieve efficient project results.

Conclusion

In this first phase of the report, the overall case study on Parramatta Light Rail project, is critically analysed and evaluated in terms of project planning and execution. Moreover, it includes appropriate analysis of the project component that can be beneficial in determining appropriate procurement strategy and approach for the project. In the first phase of the research, the Sub project parts are analysed to evaluate appropriate requirements and procurement strategy. After that, different procurement rules are identified to apply into different phases. It includes procedure, implementation methodology, etc. Some of the risks are also identified in this phase that can be beneficial for the project manager to evaluate the current project situation and procurement strategic application.

In the next phase, different contact types are mentioned for different project faces. All of this are different in terms of practical application and implementation in real life scenario. This will help the project manager to determine appropriate contract strategy for the overall development. In the next phase of risk analysis, the concept types and different transportation risks are evaluated. In that way, the risk analysis will be more effective in successful construction project. On the other hand, the project concepts face pricing and other resources. In that case, the budget analysis or cost distribution analysis will help the project to implement the strategic planning. Overall, the Report will help different organizational leaders to plan and execute the overall construction in an effective way.

References